Other infection types can include ear and sinus infections, meningitis, and bloodstream infections. Drug-resistance to Streptococcus pneumoniae depends upon the area in which you live. When these bacteria are resistant to penicillin, they are often resistant to many other antibiotic classes. Resistance...
As there is a very wide range of available antibiotics numbers of agents tested can be limited by picking individual representatives of antibiotic classes. For example, methicillin susceptibility is used as a guide for susceptibility to the other members of the group (i.e. flucloxacillin and oxacil...
It is interesting that the naturally occurring enediyne antibiotics discovered so far can be easily divided into two major classes according to their enediyne core: one with a 10-membered ring, such as the calicheamicins (2), the esperamicins (3), namenamicin (8), and the dynemicins (4...
In the discovery arena, instead, compounds with promising activities have been obtained from microbial sources and from chemical modification of antibiotic classes other than those in clinical use. Furthermore, new natural product scaffolds have also been discovered by ingenious screening programs. After...
Bacterial infections associated with multidrug resistance are among the leading causes of death and represent a major threat to the human health of the new millennium. Several pathogenic bacteria have become resistant to several antibiotic classes, and strains resistant to all available antibiotics ...
& Bush, K. Hydrolysis and inhibition profiles of β-lactamases from molecular classes A to D with doripenem, imipenem, and meropenem. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 54, 565–569 (2010). Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Tzouvelekis, L. S., Markogiannakis, A., Psichogiou, M., Tass...
been published by the staff of The Scientist Journal.22 New strategies that are being explored to combat resistance include: (a) modifying old antibiotics into entirely new classes, (b) combining antibiotics, (c) supplementing antibiotics with adjuvants and (d) searching nature for novel ...
Natural, semisynthetic and synthetic alkaloids of all classes are considered, looking first at those with direct antibacterial activity and those with antibiotic-enhancing activity. Potent examples include CJ-13,136, a novel actinomycete-derived quinolone alkaloid with a minimum inhibitory concentration of...
of plasma drug concentration (PDC) is categorized as either concentration dependent (sometimes referred to as dose dependent) or time dependent (sometimes referred to as concentration independent). A third classification has emerged with characteristics from each of these classes (e.g., fluoroquinolones...
The costs of research and development (R&D) and the organization of clinical trials carries a big financial risk irrespective of the drug candidate, and antibacterial drugs only offer modest returns in investments compared to other classes of drugs (e.g., antihypertensive drugs, cholesterol-lowering...