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5.20.7 Relevance of Amino Acids 5.20.7.1 What Is an Amino Acid? Amino acids are bifunctional compounds and the basic structural units/building blocks of proteins. In chemistry, an α-amino acid consists of an amino group, a carboxyl group, an R-group, and a hydrogen atom which is bonded...
Chou and Cai (2004) calculated the functional domain composition to predict the structural class of a protein or a domain according to the following classification: all-α , all-β , α/β , α + β , μ (multidomain), σ (small protein), and ρ (peptide). This method has the advan...
The molecular architecture of glycoside hydrolases (GHs) frequently consists of a catalytic domain (CD), where hydrolysis occurs, and one or more ancillary modules (AMs), which are usually connected by less struc- tured linkers. The most common type of AMs are carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs...
The designed protein consists of 780 amino acids with a molecular weight of 85247.31 daltons. The results of the interaction of the vaccine candidate with TLR2 and TLR4 of the immune system also showed that there are strong interactions between the vaccine candidate protein with TLR2 (-890.7 kca...
However, the most well-characterized microbial arsenic detoxification pathway involves the ars operon [2, 13]. The ars operon consists of a group of genes coding for a transmembrane pump and an arsenate reductase (arsC). The operon includes a regulatory gene (arsR) and a gene coding for an ...
After heating at 450–550 °C, the ash was wetted with water, followed by addition of 2–4 mL of hydrochloric acid and drying in an aqueous solution. Nitric acid (4%) was added to dissolve it by heating. Following filtration, the solution was adjusted to 20 mL and used as the test ...
Itaconic acid is produced using A. terreus, from simple sugars. The production can be done using submerged solid fermentation, and the typical substrates are derived from sugar production, such as molasses. The accepted mechanism for itaconic acid production consists of the conversion of cis-aconit...
The next section provides a brief, general introduction to Drosophila melanogaster, and the subsequent sections provide an overview of Drosophila glycobiology. 4.05.1.1 Normal Development in Drosophila The Drosophila life cycle1 consists of six stages: embryo, first-instar larva, second-instar larva, ...