In general, 0.5 to 1.0 µl of a typical PCR sample with an average insert length (400-700 bp) will give the proper ratio of 1:1 (vector:insert). The ratio of 1:1 (vector:insert) gives the best efficiency of ligation. You may wish to do a ...
A typical experiment would identify hundreds of proteins, among which only 5–10% top ranking may be considered as true interactors. Proteins that bind to affinity media nonspecifically were excluded from the analysis as false positives. In addition to ranking proteins by their abundance, we ...
a A bacterial cell contains thousands of ribosomes which are made of RNA and protein. When viewed even by very high magnification, ribosomes show up as fine, spherical specks dispersed throughout the cytoplasm that often occur in chains (polysomes). 一个细菌细胞包含由RNA和蛋白质制成的数以万...
A typical engineered function in DNA includes a gene and genetic control elements that ensure the expression of this gene. We adopt the term cargo, defined as the DNA portion that bears the main functionality of the vector25, but separate the control elements from the cargo: a SEGA landing ...
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ATP amplification for ultrasensitive bioluminescence assay: detection of a single bacterial cell Satoh,T,Kato,J,Takiguchi,N,Ohtake,H,Kuroda,A.ATP amplification for ultrasensitive bioluminescence assay: detection of a single bacterial cell. Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry . 2004ATP Amplification ...
Flagella, the helical propellers that extend from the bacterial surface, are a paradigm for how complex molecular machines can be built outside the living cell. Their assembly requires ordered export of thousands of structural subunits across the cell membrane and this is achieved by a type III ...
Metabolite exchange interactions between cells are not captured by typical single-cell techniques, nor does the concentration of a metabolite explain whether it was produced or consumed by the analyzed cell. Moreover, it is difficult to address the problem with classic tools of genetics (e.g., ...
TSS can be caused by two types ofsuperantigens (SAgs): bacterial or viral. Bacterial SAgs have been broadly studied.They include proteins secreted by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes that stimulate massive production of inflammatory cytokines and toxic shock.Typical examples are TSS toxi...
J. Cell death: critical control points. Cell 116, 205–219 (2004). Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Rawlings, D. E. Proteic toxin-antitoxin, bacterial plasmid addiction systems and their evolution with special reference to the pas system of pTF-FC2. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 176, 269–277...