At a secondary hierarchical level, non-neuronal cells are organized according to their cell class identity (for example, astrocytes, ependymal cells, erythrocytes and immune cells), in agreement with their molecular phenotype (Fig. 1c). By contrast, the organization of neuronal types primarily refle...
The genome is not only structurally organized within the nucleus but is also dynamically orchestrated in response to various cellular signals5,47,50,51,52,53. The biological function of MyoD in regulating muscle cell differentiation has been well documented, and very recent work showed that MyoD’...
Testosterone (T) is an anabolic hormone crucial to the structure and function of skeletal muscle. Testosterone is partially synthesized from cholesterol, but little is known about the relationship of cholesterol intake and serum cholesterol with T levels
The objective of this review is to provide a systems-level, comprehensive mapping the molecular mechanisms underlying skeletal muscle structure and function, in health and disease. We begin this review with a focus on molecular mechanisms underlying muscle tissue development (myogenesis), with an ...
The interruption within the muscle may be palpated, and a hematoma develops early. The function of the MTJ is lost. Imaging Ultrasound (US) is a first level diagnostic tool, cheap, fast to perform, which allows staging of almost all muscle lesions, and assessment of...
Thus, it can be concluded that local restrictions of diffusion of metabolites in a cell are a system-level properties caused by complex structural organization of the cells, macromolecular crowding, cytoskeletal networks and organization of metabolic pathways into multienzyme complexes and metabolons. ...
A-LEVEL生物试题.pdf,Centre Number Candidate Number Name UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS General Certificate of Education Advanced Subsidiary Level and Advanced Level BIOLOGY 9700/02 Paper 2 Structured Questions AS May/June 2006 1 hour
Cardiomyocytes were generated from human ES cell line (H7, #WA07, WiCell) through GiWi differentiation protocol44. At day 7, the medium was replaced with RPMI/B27 medium, supplemented with insulin (Miltenyi Biotec) for maturation and refreshed every 2 days. At day 15, the glucose level in ...
For the cGAS-mCherry channel, image display settings were not held constant between pcDNA3.1 and UL12.5, to allow for visualization of cGAS-mCherry structures and accounting for differences in the level of exogenous expression. Similarly, image display settings of TFAM are not constant between ...
The expression of the myofibroblast markers and collagen type I at the protein level, evaluated by immunostaining, followed that of the respective mRNAs with a delay of about 24 hours (data not shown). The expression pattern of collagen type I by double immunostaining with α-SMA or the lectin...