We fed male and female XX and XYLdlr−/−mice a Western diet for 4 months to examine effects of sex chromosome genotype on serum lipids and atherosclerosis. To separate the contribution of sex chromosomes and sex hormones, male and female mice of each sex chromosome genotype were either go...
摘要: ObjectiveThe molecular mechanisms underlying sex differences in dyslipidemia are poorly understood. We aimed to distinguish genetic and hormonal regulators of sex differences in plasma lipid levels.关键词: sex differences, sex chromosome complement, plasma lipids, HDL cholesterol ...
These studies demonstrated an effect of sex chromosomes in the induction of immune responses, but did not address a potential role of sex chromosomes in the CNS response to immune-mediated injury. Here, we examined this possibility using XX versus XY bone marrow chimeras reconstituted with a ...
chromosomes. Two-thirds of XX males have detectable Y chromosomal sequences in the distal region of the X chromosome. Some XX males have a mosaic pattern of expression, with a few cell lines expressing 46,XY and the rest expressing 46,XX. Interestingly, all known XX males with hypospadias ...
Survival, renal histopathology and markers of immune activation were compared in mice carrying the XX versus the XY(-) sex chromosome complement, with each genotype being ovary bearing. RESULTS: Mice with XX sex chromosome complement compared with XY(-) exhibited poorer survival rates and increased...
Answer to: Explain why people with XY-chromosomes are more likely than XX-individuals to have the recessive x-linked single-gene disorders,...
not shadowed represent size markers Discussion In both the PGK BstXI and AR polymorphism assays, peak patterns of the male controls (46,XY) indicated that the X chromosomes were unmethylated, while those of female controls (46,XX) demonstrated equal methylation of the bi- parental X chromosomes....
We observed the hybridization signal on the active X, as well as inactive derivate XSRY chromosomes (53% versus 47%). Thus, we assumed that the XSRY derivate was randomly inactivated. Figure 4 Inactivation status of X and X SRY chromosomes. A) and C) R-banded metaphases, B) and D) ...
A new definition of sexual dimorphism is required. The divergent biology of the sexes is still largely ignored, overshadowed by sociocultural considerations and confined to its hormonal organizational and activational effects, while the genes unequally expressed by the sex chromosomes play an important ...
The chromosomal anomaly can vary from complete absence of one X chromosome (monosomy), to structural anomalies of an X chromosome, to the mosaic form combining cells with a normal karyotype and cells with abnormal X chromosomes. The syndrome can manifest itself in a number of ways, but one ...