The main principle behind liquid crystal molecules is that when an electric current is applied to them, they tend to untwist. This causes a change in the light angle passing through them. This causes a change in the angle of the top polarizing filter with respect to it. So little light is...
This chain reaction is a series of ‘on’ and ‘off’ signals. These signals travel from one end of the circuit, lighting up the light bulb. Of course, the details will vary from one type of digital circuit to another. But all digital circuits use variations on this basic principle. The...