Figure 4. Antibiogram result of the well diffusion method to test the antimicrobial activity of sawdust (1–2 mm particle size), filled in wells (10 mm diameter) created in Mueller–Hinton agar against Acinetobacter baumannii: (a) oak wood showing the zone of inhibition around the well as ...
The thermocouples were inserted into a pre-drilled holes with a diameter of 3 mm and a depth of 90 mm. To ensure drilling accuracy and reduce deviations, a drilling template was used. Groups of thermocouples were 200 mm apart. For recording and processing, the temperature values measured by ...
Given that forest by-products and small-diameter trees are the major sources of raw material for wood pellets, understanding the interactions between wood bioenergy and forest product markets has vital implications for forest industry development [8,15,16,17,18,19] and forest management [20]. ...
As shown inFigure 2a,b—which contain scanned electron microscopy images of untreated balsa wood (NW)— wood has a cellular architecture resembling a honeycomb structure at the micrometre scale. The average fibre diameter is 800 microns. They show that the cell cavities are in a hollow state wi...
The trees in the forest area are between 10 and 15 years old, with a diameter at breast height (DBH) of approximately 20 cm. The equipment required for signal collection included a piezoelectric sensor, a multi-channel signal acquisition device, a portable power source, data cables, a power...
Hyphal system—Monomitic; generative hyphae with clamp connections; colorless, thin-walled, interwoven, 2.5–3.5 µm in diameter; IKI–, CB–, tissues unchanged in KOH. Hymenium—Cystidia absent; basidia subcylindrical, constricted in the middle to somewhat sinuous, with four short sterigmata...
The 90-millimetre-thick radiant floor heating system (Figure 3) comprised 19-millimetre-thick varnished oakwood planks secured with adhesives, a 30 mm anhydrite-based mortar slab with a 16 mm diameter embedded cross-linked polyethylene piping, and a smooth 25 mm enhancing-agent-modified EPS self-...
Figure 16a is the image of a specimen with three perforated holes 25 mm in diameter, and Figure 16b shows its post-combustion state after the test. Upon combustion, the time elapsed until a laboratory white mouse stopped its activity was used as the measure for the smoke toxicity test result...
Cf Member Size Factor fb*, fv*, ft*, fc*, E* Factored Resistances Mr Factored Bending Moment Resistance Vr Factored Shear Force Resistance Tr Factored Tensile Force Resistance Cr Factored Compression Force Resistance Dfooting Diameter of ground footing Appendix A. Specified Loads Appendix A.1. Sn...
The prediction effect of the model can also be observed through the line chart.Figure 3shows the comparison of the predicted values of the five mechanical properties under the BP model and the TSSA-BP model. Taking the diameter radial hardness of wood as an example, as shown inFigure 4d bel...