Extraction of winged termite oil Ground insect samples (50 g) were separately mixed with 250 mL solvent solution (dichloromethane—metha- nol (2:1 v/v) containing butylated hydroxyl toluene (10 mg/L) to extract the oil, as previously described59 with some modifications. The mixture...
The aphid alarm pheromone (E)-尾-farnesene (EBF) is the major example of defence communication in the insect world. Released when aphids are attacked by predators such as ladybirds or lacewing larvae, aphid alarm pheromone causes behavioural reactions such as walking or dropping off the host ...
However, flight polymorphism is common in many insect taxa [1]. Flight polymorphism can be characterized in terms of flight behavior and flight muscles, and wing polymorphism [2,3,4]. Flight behavior polymorphism has been reported in some winged monomorphic insect species [5,6]. Some ...