That is, for each participant separately (144 trials) and for the means from each group (144 data points averaged over the six participants per group), the normalized wind speed estimates were plotted against the actual wind speeds of each trial measured during calibra- tion, which were ...
The difference between dune and yardang orientation belies a regional-scale climate shift from northerly winds, converging in the crater, to winds from the NNW and later SSE. This later wind regime, which may still exist today, persisted long enough to carve yardangs into the Medusae Fossae ...
This means that the skill score definitions need to be improved, as suggested in Section 4. For AEP, the predicted most optimal workflows are WF-1 (WindPro), WF-4 (Fluent RANS) and WF-3 (CFX). In reality, the most optimal workflows for this application are either WF-7 (E-Wind), ...
The K‐means cluster study provides five groups where the first group includes days with fresh to strong breezes (Beaufort force 5 and 6) with speeds above 26 km h−1; the remaining four ...
Optimization of wind turbine positioning in large windfarms by means of a genetic algorithm. J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn. 1994, 51, 105–116. 4. Grady, S.A.; Hussaini, M.Y.; Abdullah, M.M. Placement of wind turbines using genetic algorithms. Renew. Energy 2005, 30, 259–270. 5. ...
Macro-scale portable wind energy harvesters (EM stands for electromagnetic and PZ means piezoelectric). Ref Size (mm) [53] ϕ = 76.2 [89] ϕ = 76 [90] 76.7 ˆ 12.7 ˆ 2.2 [55] ϕ = 80, t = 10 [85] ϕ = 80, t = 170 [71] 90 ˆ 10 ˆ 0.6 [18] 100 ˆ ...
Leaving the damaged trees in the forest may offer a cost-efficient means to increase forest biodiversity because of the lower market value of damaged trees [25]. However, despite potential negative effects on biodiversity and other forest values [25,26], salvage logging is often conducted (e.g...
The interaction between atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) and wind turbines and their wake influence on the downwind turbines is difficult to model using analytical means. Accurate predictive methods are crucial for turbine siting, optimizing Energies 2018, 11, 1895; doi:10.3390/en11071895 www.mdpi....
In our study, the directionality effects are investigated by means of combined wind and wave tests and coupled multi-body simulations. By comparing the measured data in three load directions, it is found that the differences of platform motions are mainly derived from the wave loads and larger ...
In this case, the conversion of alternating voltage to direct voltage is carried out by means of a rectifier (2). The electrical energy from the photovoltaic system (5) is also transferred to the battery through the charge controller. At the same time, in order to ensure efficient extraction...