air will be trapped in the extra space in the tube — seen here in the small gap (called “headspace”) above the rock. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/ASU/MSSS
The satellites photographed the Moon, developed the film on board and then scanned the film with an analog process whose data was then transmitted by radio to Earth receivers and stored on 2-inch magnetic tape. Each hi-resolution image was 28 x 30 inches when completed. The first three orbit...
In the beginning, the Solar System took shape from a pre-solar nebula and a protoplanetary disk surrounding it. At the center of this nebula was a proto-star that would grow into our Sun, while the disk developed instabilities within it. Over time, nuclear fusion ignited in the proto-star...
“Oh, and fracking was not a black swan event, it was a price event. The price of oil rose high enough to make tight oil fracking economical.” And cheap and easy credit to finance it. If interest rates were normal (ie 5%) it would not have been as easy for frack drillers to obt...
"In the past, researchers either ignored the vertical flow because they thought it was not important, or they used simpler equations because it was so difficult to model," Hassanzadeh said. Yet the vertical motion turns out to hold the key to the Red Spot's persistence. As the vortex lose...
SuperCam is led by Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico, where the instrument’s Body Unit was developed. That part of the instrument includes several spectrometers, control electronics, and software. The Mast Unit was developed and built by several laboratories of the CNRS (French rese...
“Prior to robotic exploration of Mars, we didn’t think there was a lot of wind-driven activity because the atmosphere is so thin,” she says. “However, we’ve discovered that Mars is a very active place. These missions give us a chance to study aeolian activity from the sur...
Science has no answers to “The Big Questions” like “why is there something instead of nothing?” (the answer that “it was an accident” is fobbed off by Berlinski as “failing to meet people’s intellectual needs”, which of course is not an answer but a statement about confirmation ...
to solar physics and to cosmic radiation. During the 15 years that have elapsed since the first edition was written, the subject has been developed by two of the largest research efforts of our time: thermonuclear research has increased our knowledge of magneto-hydrodynamics and plasmas, and......