The image shown above depicts how additional neutrons create different isotopes of hydrogen. Isotopes have the same number of electrons, and therefore have the same chemical properties. There is, however, a difference in the element’s physical properties due to their difference in mass (numb...
A god doesn’t control them; the physical properties of matter and energy control the universe. This principle is at the center of naturalism — the idea that only matter and energy exist, and they have properties that are repeatable, understandable, and quantifiable within the limits of quantum...
I’ve left quantum physics last, because here, as I will show, infinities are at the heart of all the (standard) theory. If you’re doing experiments and you wish to measure photon energies in the visible light spectrum from a particular transition in the Hydrogen atom, you have the opti...
A special case was his obstruction of all plans to equip the Uranium Club with cyclotrons, which would have allowed to study the properties of "Element 94". Although several cyclotrons would have been mandatory if German nuclear physics was to keep up with the international standard, he never...