In Greece it was of course chiefly the Spartans, the people who resisted the commercial revolution most strongly, who did not recognize individual property but allowed and even encouraged theft. To our time they have remained the prototype of savages who rejected civilization... Yet already in ...
Why was the wheel invented in Mesopotamia? Why was the movable type printing press invented? Why did Guglielmo Marconi invent the radio? Why was the first motorcycle invented? Why is Charles Babbage famous? Why is Charles Babbage important?
Why were scribes important in Mesopotamia? Why is ancient military history important? Why was neo-serfdom important during the Middle Ages? Why is the Harappan culture considered a civilization? Why is geography important in the study of history?
4500 BCE, Uruk is considered the oldest "true" city in the world. It was the most influential city in Mesopotamia from approximately 4100-3000 BCE, when it was the largest urban center in the region and a hub of trade and administration. It is thought to be the place,...
Throughout Antiquity, there were many variations on the theme of life after death, all of which predate Christianity and Islam. The insistance on a “final judgement” in both Christianity and Islam comes directly from the early civilizations of Mesopotamia, the Mediterranean, and the Levant. ...
All the triumphs and tribulations of the millions of peoples the have walked the Earth since the ancient civilization of Mesopotamia would be like mere birth pangs in the delivery of a kind of life that hasn’t really begun yet. For surely it would be the height of naiveté to think that...
To be sure the wheel is a very ancient invention, but it doesn’t pre-date recorded history, civilization, or agriculture. Before we get into the weeds, let’s start with a definition of a wheel. A wheel isn’t just something that is a circle. Humans did figure out the circle really...
Hussein championed law and order, state-driven economic development and politically apportioned distributions from the spoils of the extensive government-controlled oil sector. To be sure, Baathist socialism didn’t bring much prosperity to the well-endowed lands of Mesopotamia, but Hussein d...
“Money, like certain other essential elements in civilization, is a far more ancient institution than we were taught to believe some few years ago.” “Its origins are lost in the mists when the ice was melting, and may well stretch into the paradisiac intervals in human history of the ...
The land of Iraq has the coolest nickname of any land anywhere—The Cradle of Civilization—and for good reason. Ancient Iraqi history is as impressive as it gets. In particular, the fertile strip of Iraq in between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers known asMesopotamiais often credited with the...