South America.The South American market is dominated by vertically integrated oil companies that are mostly state-owned, such as Petrobras, PDVSA, and Ecopetrol. Only a few joint ventures exist between international oil companies—Repsol, Exxon, Shell—and local players in refinery activities; these ...
Lukoil, working with Vostok NAO, is active in NAO and the neighboring Komi Republic. Other Russian-based companies operate in NAO with foreign partners, such as Total, Statoil, and Petrovietnam. In NAO, oil and gas infrastructure is developing more rapidly than in any other region in Russia...