A liposome composition comprising small, surface-bound effector molecules is disclosed. The liposomes have a surface layer of hydrophilic polymer chains, for enhanced circulation time in the bloodstream. The effector molecules are attached to the distal ends of the polymer chains. In one embodiment, ...
Which molecules prevent cell membranes from dissolving in water? What structures in the cell membrane function as ion channels? What part of the cell membrane is hydrophilic? What lipids are connected to glucose catabolism pathways? Which type of molecule moves across a cell membrane most easily?
Explain how hydrophobic vs. hydrophilic molecules are transported through the plasma membrane List the two layers that surrounds the plasma membrane. Diffusion of ions across a membrane depends on what? The plasma membrane acts as a barrier in cells of all types to control the movement of subs...
Molecular iron maidens' structures are noted for the distinctive ultra-short interactions between the apical hydrogen atom, or its small substituent, and the benzene ring's surface. High steric hindrance is a commonly cited consequence of the forced ultra-short X contact in iron maiden molecules, ...
Phospholipids are special molecules with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic components, which enable them to form a necessary bilayer structure of the cell membrane. As such, the hydrophilic (water-attracting) head interacts with the external aqueous environment, and the hydrophobic (water-repelling) tail...
Two new surfactant molecules are reported which contain thermally labile Diels-Alder adducts connecting the polar and non-polar sections of each molecule. The two surfactants possess identical non-polar dodecyl tail segments but exhibit different polar headgroups. The surfactants become soluble in water...
Many small molecules that induce autophagy are now available. Rapamycin is a representative autophagy inducer that exerts its efficacy by inhibiting mTOR61, 62. However, because of the diverse biological activities of mTOR, rapamycin has limitation in therapeutic application. In this study, we ...
In these micelles, the hydrophobic tails are shielded from water, while the hydrophilic heads face outward. 4. Cleansing Action of Soap: - When soap is used for cleaning, the hydrophobic tails of the soap molecules attach to dirt and grease (which are also hydrophobic). - The hydrophilic ...
H+ ions are further supplied by the V-ATPase (proton pump) during the endo- somes maturation. This process keeps the pump functioning and leads to the influx of one Cl− ion and one water molecule per proton46. The influx of Cl− ions and water molecules into the endosomes/lysosomes ...
Which part of the alpha helix is hydrophilic? What two molecules make up the sides of DNA? DNA is a double helix molecule whose building blocks are a) amino acids b) polypeptides c) nucleotides d) carbohydrates How are base pairs important in the double helix structure of DNA? Is the D...