Superstitious behaviors are: a. repeated because they appear to produce reinforcement. b. necessary to produce response-contingent reinforcement. c. observed in animals, but not people. d. characterized by all of these. Which o...
An adaptation is a feature that allows an organism to live in its environment. Not every adaptation is helpful in every environment. For example, the slick, water-proof feathers of a penguin would not be beneficial in the dry desert.
which were carried out in eight different countries. The interviewees represented key approaches and core disciplines within the four main areas of research. TableS1describes the 14 focus groups in detail, including
The scientific way of thinking is at once imaginative and disciplined.This is central to its success.Science invites us to let the facts i,even when they don' conform to our preconceptions.It counsels us to carry alternative hypotheses in our heads and see which best fit the facts.It urges...
(2019), the two mastery kinds are frequently seen as being on a developmental continuum, with knowledge changing over time from receptive to productive mastery. Learning vocabulary can either be accidental or purposeful. The term "intentional vocabulary learning" describes learning exercises specifically...
Precisely, the Werther effect describes the phenomenon of an increased suicide rate after a suicide has been depicted in the media (Phillips1974). Strikingly, even details, such as method or place of the suicide may be imitated (Stack2000). To date, the Werther effect as a possible media ef...
In the simplest case, this can be modeled by assuming that a player optimizes a utility u given by u = π + α( π2 − π 2), (21) where α < 0 describes a risk averse player, α = 0 a risk neutral player, and α > 0 a risk seeking player. A...
The IOM's 2009 letter report describes ethical values and rules of justice and responsibility of care. The need to resort to the rationing in medicine has not usually an ethical justification [6]. Moreover, a justifiable rationing decision in a specific situation, like COVID-19 pandemic, may...
a. analysis b. theory c. inference d. law Hypotheses vs. Theories: In science, a hypothesis is an educated guess to answer a specific question, which can be tested by performing an experiment. A theory is similar to but broader than a hypothesis...
Which of the following is true about research on conformity and group size and when everyone except the test subject agrees? a. There is more conformity with 1 to 2 people versus 3 to 5 people. b. There is more conformity with 3 to 5 ...