Where do T-cells become immunocompetent? What system are helper T-cells a part of? How are helper T-cells made? Do helper T-cells bind to B-cells? Do helper T-cells get sensitized? Where are the oxyphil cells located? How do helper T-cells develop? Where do T cells mature? How do...
NK cells are one of the first barriers against viral infections. Their different methods to detect and annihilate the infected cells have been discussed previously. Conversely, viruses have evolved to develop different mechanisms to evade the NK cell response (summary in Fig. 1 and with more detai...
What do squamous cells look like? Squamous cell carcinoma initially appears as a skin-colored or light red nodule, usually with a rough surface. They often resemblewartsand sometimes resemble open bruises with raised, crusty edges. The lesions tend to develop slowly and can grow into a large t...
Over the years, solely through their letters, Helene and Frank develop a genuine friendship. I had never heard of this film before this year’s SUTS, and it was a lovely discovery. Simply reading the description of the film doesn’t come close to giving an idea of how sweet, touching, ...
Where do surface waves get energy? How does alpha radiation affect the body? Where does radioactivity come from? Where are gamma delta T-cells found? At what frequency does ionizing radiation start? How is alpha radiation created? When does the Compton effect occur? Does radiation cause evolutio...
Amyloid plaques and NFTs together constitute the classic AD pathology, but the vast majority of patients with dementia, including those with a clinical AD diagnosis, do not develop these pathological hallmarks on an otherwise healthy background. This so-called “mixed pathology” is actually the mos...
Do you get orthostatic measurements in patients with syncope and how do you use them? Volume depletion (i.e. dehydration) and blood loss are two of the myriad reasons for patients to present with syncope in the Emergency Department. While it isn’t difficult for us to determine whether the...
T-cells may be activated to proliferate and differentiate, but if they should be of the Treg type (regulatory T-cells), they will produce immunosuppressive cytokines and thus promote tolerance. Adaptive immune responses can develop in three directions, of which the “default” is tolerance. Type...
Proliferation of myogenic stem cells in human skeletal muscle in response to low-load resistance training with blood flow restriction. J Physiol. 2012;590:4351–61. 20. Yasuda T, Abe T, Sato Y, Midorikawa T, Kearns CF, Inoue K, et al. Muscle fiber cross-sectional area is increased ...
DB-injected mice did display both T-cell and NAb responses 6.1. Live HCMV Vaccines The first attempts to develop an HCMV vaccine were focused on two attenuated strains: the AD169 and the Towne strain, both developed at the beginning of the 1970s by Elek and Stern in London...