Valence electrons are those electrons that reside in the outermost shell surrounding an atomic nucleus. Valence electrons are of crucial importance because they lend deep insight into an element’s chemical properties: whether it is electronegative or electropositive in nature, or they indicate thebon...
All lawrencium atoms have 103 protons in their nuclei, independent of the isotope of lawrencium in question. This is because the presence of 103 protons in the nucleus defines an atom as lawrencium, and changing the number of protons will change the element of the atom. ...
Two atoms of hydrogen (light elements) fuse to become one atom of helium (a heavier element). In other words, the sun is powered by the fusion of hydrogen atoms. In the sun’s core, the temperature is so high(15million degrees Celcius, can you imagine that!) that the atoms are ...