What are substrates in enzymes? What exactly are immobilised enzymes and what do they do? What biomacromolecule are enzymes made from? Which enzymes are not proteins? What are allosteric enzymes? What is the chemical nature of enzymes?
What macromolecules is the viral envelope made of? What nucleic acid plays a role in protein synthesis? Which type of macromolecule is present in enzymes? What molecules make up the backbone of the RNA molecule? What are some examples of nucleic acids?
Proteins are a second type of intracellular organic molecule. These substances are made from chains of smaller molecules called amino acids, and they serve a variety of functions in the cell, both catalytic and structural. For example, proteins called enzymes convert cellular molecules (whether prote...
CRISPR repeats are associated with Casproteins constituting an adaptive immune system in bacteria and archaeaprotecting them from foreign mobile genetic elements . The discovery ofCRISPR-Cas revealed the capability of bacteria and archaea to acquire andintegrate genetic elements into its own genome, demon...
P. syringae attacks plants using a variety of virulence factors, including effector proteins that are translocated into the plant cell via the type III secretion system (T3SS), small-molecule toxins, exopolysaccharides, cell-wall-degrading enzymes and plant hormones (or hormone mimics). Whereas all...
This is done with an enzyme, a specific type of protein. And second, after the enzyme has broken down the cellulose, yeast and other microorganisms—microbes—are added to ferment those sugars into cellulosic ethanol.Thing is, though, we're not too good at producing the enzymes that break...
In this view, the absorption or deposition grade of a substance mainly depends on the skin status and the chemical-physical profile of the molecule (Zoabi et al., 2021). 2.1. Influence of the skin properties on drug delivery Among the several factors that can affect drug delivery across the...
2.2 Types and uses of Collagen (cattle skin) So far, this molecule has been divided into 26 different types, based on its structure, chain bonds and Locations in the human body are divided into 8 families. Within these classifications, one can find fibril formation, basement membrane, microfi...
Herpes viruses contain a linear double-stranded DNA molecule while influenza A virus carries a segmented genome (8 segments of ssRNA). As compared to other organisms where cells may contain different genomes (e.g. the presence of DNA and mRNA in eukaryotic cells), a given group of viruses ...
A TLR2 heterodimer, in combination with the TLR1, binds 19-kD mycobacterial lipoprotein, suggesting TLR2 is an adhesion molecule for M. tuberculosis [22]. A previous study suggests that Toll interleukin 1 receptor domain containing adaptor protein (TIRAP), an adaptor that mediates signals from ...