To grow, repair and reproduce, cells undergo one of two cell division processes:mitosisormeiosis. Mitosis produces two daughter cells that have the same number of chromosomes as the mother cell. With meiosis, four daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the mother cell are produced...
During mitosis, a cell divides once to produce two daughter cells with genetic material identical to that of the original parent cell and to each other. Both haploid and diploid cells can undergo mitosis. When a haploid cell undergoes mitosis, it produces two genetically identical haploid daughter...
Each chromosome in a diploid cell is part of a homologous pair. Reproductive germ cells are diploid like somatic cells until they undergo the reductionist process of meiosis to form sperm and an egg. Chromosomes replicate in the first stage of meiosis and become sister chromatids joined together ...
1). In short, the primordial germ cells (PGC) will undergo a significant demethylation of their genome during the first weeks of development (levels are less than 10%) [62]. After the period of DNA demethylation, male germ cells initiate and complete remethylation during prenatal development ...
However, transcription is generally low in the whole nucleus during the early stages of the first meiotic prophase, when markers of MSCI first appear, and is then reactivated globally during pachytene. Thus, an alternative possibility is that MSCI represents the targeted maintenance and/or ...
Epigenetics is often defined as heritable changes in gene expression, without changes to the sequence of the DNA [42]. Transmission of epigenetic modifications to daughter cells (mitosis) or to offspring (meiosis) is considered epigenetic inheritance. It involves changes to gene expression as a resu...
Multi-stage gene expression presumably allows vegetative cells to exit the mitotic cycle and undergo meiosis to form gametes [117]. Each of the two mating types (hereafter, MT) secretes specific pheromones, triggering MT-specific responses. Interaction via pheromones attracts sexual partners, then ...