This book is based on the assumption that the electron spin has an electromagnetic origin. That is, the electron's intrinsic angular momentum results from an electromagnetic field. What Is the Electron Spin? makes a basic assumption that the electron itself has an electromagnetic origin. It then...
ElectronsAccording to the prevailing belief, the spin of the electron or of some other particle is a mysterious internal angular momentum for which no concrete physical picture is available, and for which there is no classical analog. However, on the basis of an old calculation by Belinfante [...
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Why are objects with vast number of electrons normally not electrically charged? Why do we have free electrons in metal and not in insulators? What makes them be an insulator/semiconductor/metal? Why do electrons just drift, and how do we know that if we can'tsee them? Why does their sp...
For N spins, to account for the \(2^N\) dimensional space, for each added spin, classical beams must be doubled in Spreeuw’s complex amplitude set up, which is certainly impractical but not unfeasible. The reader may refer to personal notes entitled “Building multifractal processes with an...
How much energy is required to cause an electron in hydrogen to move from the n = 3 state to the n = 2 state? If the electrons gain this energy by collision between hydrogen atoms in a high temperatur The binding energy of the hydrogen atom in its ground state is 13.6 eV...
What makes up electrons? Standard Model of Particles: The standard model of particles is the table that classifies different fundamental particles. It is analogous to the table of elements since it contains information of the particle's mass, spin, charged, etc. It is di...
Quantum superposition can be shown by thedouble-slit experiment. It was first used to prove that light consists of waves. Today, the experiment is used to help people understand the way that electrons can act like waves and createquantum interferencepatterns. ...
. When the spin state of one particle changes -- whether from up to down or down to up -- the spin state of the other particle also changes, but in the opposite direction. As a result, knowing the spin state of one entangled particle makes it possible to know the other's spin ...
Only quantum systems like ions, electrons or superconducting circuits can exist in the superposition states that enable the power of quantum computing. A quantum particle such as an electron has its own “facing left or facing right” property, namely spin, referred to as either up or down, ...