◎Trivalent influenza vaccine: It is against the H1N1 and H3N2 virus lines of Stream A and the Victoria virus strain of Stream B. ◎Quadrivalent influenza vaccine: In addition to the above three virus lines, it also includes the B-stream Yamagata line,...
applies to protection from symptomatic disease. However, it has become clear as well that protection from severe disease is high with all applied vaccine platforms [42,43,44]. Interestingly, there are also differences in the dynamics of antibody responses after vaccination, with mRNA vaccines causin...
COVID-19 is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus -2 (SARS-CoV-2), a name adapted from SARS-CoV that caused the infection of SARS in 2003 [2]. Since none of the explored therapies can directly kill the virus, vaccines have become the last hope to stop the pandemic. ...
On the contrary, the risk can be considered negligible when they are cooked at a high temperature, while information is still scarce for non-thermal treatments. Keywords: Norovirus; bivalve mollusc; risk assessment; food-borne virus; food microbiology; water-borne virus; microbiological criteria...
There, in the early December 2019, a person from rural People’s Republic of China arrived harboring an infection of a new coronavirus that the WHO initially termed “2019 novel coronavirus.”1 This virus, the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is now called severe acute ...
(B) Displacement of protein bound to nucleic acid. (C) Translocation along a double-stranded nucleic acid without unwinding. (D) Typical result of a biochemical nucleic acid unwinding assay. Shown is the helicase activity of equine arteritis virus (EAV) nsp10 and a corresponding active site ...
Modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) is the vector of choice for human and veterinary applications due to its strong safety profile and immunogenicity in vivo. The use of MVA and MVA-vectored vaccines against human and animal diseases must comply with regulatory requirements as they pertain to env...
Although protective antibody level (= 10 neutralizing antibody units) was detectable in the animals vaccinated with either oil based gel based or freeze dried vaccine containing biological titer of 104.00 TCID50 but however the extent and duration of immunity was found to be most superior in respons...
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in reducing the infectivity and the influence of these protocols on both the detection of viral RNA and the results of two serological assays. 2. Materials and Methods 2.1. Virus Strain and Titration Experiments were performed in BSL3 facilities using a clinical SARS-CoV-2 strain (Ref-SKU: 02...