science or scientia meant any systematic or exact recorded knowledge. Science therefore had the same sort of very broad meaning that philosophy had at that time. In some languages including French Spanish Portuguese and Italian the word corresponding to science still carries this meaning. From classic...
As we will discuss throughout this paper, a number of important discussions arise from the wide variation found in the literature about the meaning of talent—does talent refers to people (subject) or to the characteristics of people (object)? Is talent more about performance, potential, ...
[translate] ain deciding the normative question—‘what should the government do about economic inequality’, the analytical method should be shift from economic science to political philosophy. 在决定基准问题`什么应该政府做关于经济不平等’,分析方法应该是转移从经济学到政治哲学。 [translate] ...
Lord Hoffman’s analysis starts from the preliminary, two-fold consideration that ‘[u]sing language to convey meaning is an activity governed by rules’,Footnote 14 and that. The meaning conveyed by any utterance, whether orally or in writing, always requires a consideration of both the rules...
1937. Testability and Meaning—Continued. Philosophy of Science 4: 1–40. Article Google Scholar Carnap, Rudolph. 1967. The Logical Structure of the World (or. ed. 1928). Berkeley: University of California Press. Google Scholar Creel, R. 1995. The ‘Is-Ought’ Controversy. In David ...
Whether they do indeed have positive effects is beyond the scope of this paper. In Section 1, we distinguish between unrealistic optimism and other positive illusions and explain different ways of operationalizing unrealistic optimism. In Section 2, we ask how we should think about positive ...
G. E. Moore considers supreme good as subject-matter of ethics. All of them indicate that the subject matter of ethics includes social behavior of man. The nature of ethics is incomplete, unless and until we explain nature of normative science.” ...
To do this, however, I propose we need to carve out what each of us sees as a theory, how theories relate to each other, and their larger embeddings in science and society. This will be unpacked in the section: 'Metatheory, Theory, and Calculi Thereof'. A formalisable way of looking...
The notions of resilience and adaptation have been widely adopted inside and outside the academia, and the scientific meaning of the terms has become blurred in common usage.3 Yet their wide adoption indicates that they are useful for many actors. Transformation has not yet gained the same ...
Positive economics describes and explains economic phenomena in objective and measurable terms, while normative economics focuses on subjective statements about economic fairness or how the economy should be organized. They are two branches of modern economics. Put another way, positive economics is ofte...