What is the Reason That the Pharmacological Future of Chemotherapeutics in the Treatment of Lung Cancer Could Be Most Closely Related to Nanostructures? Platinum Drugs in Therapy of Non-Small and Small Cell Lung Cancer and Their Unexpected, Possible Interactions. The Review Kamil Szupryczyński, ...
The carbonic acid–bicarbonate system of the body is the main buffer system and is responsible for about 80% of extracellular buffering.65 Its pH regulation mechanism can be described by the Henderson–Hasselbalch equation66 (Eqs. 1 and 2).pH=6.1+log([HCO3−]α×pCO2)where, [HCO3−] =...
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy characterized by an increase in aberrant plasma cells in the bone marrow leading to rising monoclonal protein in serum and urine. With the introduction of novel therapies with manageable side effects, this incurable disease has evolved into a chroni...
Some genes have been proven to promote endogenous CM proliferation, believed to be preceded by CM dedifferentiation, wherein terminally differentiated CMs are initially reversed back to the less mature state which precedes cell division. However, very little else is known about CM dedifferentiation ...
Consequently, at the physiological pH of 7.4, uric acid in the extracellular fluid is predominantly (98-99%) found as a deprotonated urate anion3). The divalent urate anion is practically nonexistent in the body because of the very high pKa2, and thus the term urate...
What two body systems provide the regulation and control of all other body systems that are necessary for homeostasis? How does the water in your body help maintain homeostasis? What two organs in the lower part of the body are part of the immune system? What is e...
The main causes of concern are the loss of body water and electrolyte imbalance. Children are also at greater risk than adults of life-threatening dehydration since water constitutes a greater proportion of their bodyweight; in fact, the younger the child, the greater the risk of dehydration. ...
The focus of this review written for the thematic “Mechanisms of function and regulation of large transport membrane channels” issue of the Journal is on the protective antigen (PA) component of anthrax exotoxin, or rather on its 63-kDa fragment (PA63), which oligomerizes to form a translo...
Mild metabolic acidosis reduces insulin binding to its receptor, whereas plasma membrane insulin receptor expression is unaffected by extracellular pH [17,18,19,20]. In addition, insulin receptor phosphorylation, and thus activation, is significantly reduced at low pH. The level of phosphorylation of...