The mitochondria are also known as the "powerhouse" of the cell. Their main function is to complete aerobic respiration producing ATP. It does this by oxidizing NADH and FADH2 within the electron transport chain. This is located along the inner mitochondrial membrane and is responsible for the ...
164K Learn the definition of mitochondria and understand their different functions. Discover mitochondria's structure and parts with a diagram and see their location. Related to this QuestionWhat is the importance of mitochondrial DNA? Why is mitochondrial DNA analysis useful? Why is DNA so importa...
By definition, a relict is something that remains from an entity that has mostly disappeared (Merriam-Webster 2014; Lincoln et al. 1982). In evolutionary biology, a relict species remains of a group that is mainly extinct (Grandcolas et al. 2014; Fig. 1). The basis for this inference is...
A paradoxal role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been proposed, such as signaling as a proliferation regulator or even presenting cytotoxic activity, depending on the concentration. Mitochondrial electron transport chain, especially complex III, is figured as one of the most important ROS ...
[49]. Starvation mimicry has been used to show that SGLT-2 inhibitor modulation of mitochondrial function and viability involves processes of autophagy, the clearing of reactive oxygen species, and the reduction of inflammation and fibrosis, each of which is a pathway distinct from the renal ...
or from two eggs and one sperm. The latter happens through a procedure calledmitochondrial replacement therapy. Most DNA is stored in the cell's nucleus. But in egg cells, some DNA is also stored in a part of the cell called the mitochondria. When mitochondrial DNA is damaged, ...
Intrinsic apoptosis is mediated by mitochondria-associated BCL-2 family proteins – BAX and BAK (BAX antibody: 50599-2-Ig). BAK is a transmembrane protein of the outer mitochondrial membrane. Upon apoptosis induction, BAX undergoes conformational change. This exposes its transmembrane domain, leading...
Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm while the citric acid cycle takes place in the matrix and the electron transport chain happens at the inner mitochondrial membranes. The citric acid cycle requires pyruvate, which is delivered into the mitochondrial matrix during glycolysis. The citric acid ...
Sepsis-induced organ dysfunction is, in turn, driven by an aberrant host response that is known to have immune, endocrine, and neural components. The underlying defect in sepsis may lie in mitochondrial abnormalities that lead to a cellular energy crisis....
Emerging evidence suggests that HTG may contribute to renal damage through mechanisms such as oxidative stress and lipotoxicity; however, the specific lipoprotein subpopulations within the broader definition of TG that drive this damage have not been clearly identified. Although the morbidity associated ...