What is the ‘Dark Forest’ Hypothesis? 什么是“黑暗森林”假说? In my trilogy ‘The Three-Body Problem’, an astronomer transmits a message to an extraterrestrial civilisation, and in doing so, set…
leaves are mostly attributed to their genetic control - the control of gene regulatory networks (GRNs) and signaling pathways that make a leaf, from a small bulge on the SAM, into a fully developed lateral outgrowth with diverse shapes. Although poorly understood, herbivory is another factor con...
Evolutionary stasis is exceedingly difficult to diagnose since we can always expect to unveil differentiation when we observe more characters in the so-called living fossil and therefore to discard the stasis hypothesis. Actually, none of the classic relicts has ever been found similar to early ...
There is significant evidence, still being discussed among scientists, that a severe glacial action during the Neoproterozoic era covered much of the planet in a sheet of ice. This hypothesis has been termed the "Snowball Earth", and it is of particular interest as it precedes the Cambrian expl...
What is reality? This age-old question has sparked various theories throughout history, ranging from scientific to mystical explanations.
-altruism hypothesis," which essentially claims that when someone is capable of empathy, they are more likely to help others. A 2014 study published inThe Oxford Handbook of Prosocial Behaviorreviewed 35 years of research and determined that there was "quite strong support" for the hypothesis....
This is a guest post from Anne Donald, a member of this summer’sOnline Writing Group: “Procrastination is the art of keeping up with yesterday.” —Don Marquis This quote describes my writing process at the moment. I have been stuck in the procrastination department for a while now. It...
In accordance with the Great Filter hypothesis, at least one of these steps must be improbable. Either life has a difficult time emerging from inorganic materials early on, or the odds of catastrophic failure increase as a species becomes more and more advanced. Either of these possibilities have...
mesh. The standard model and general relativity (introduced below) are at insurmountable odds with each other and no experimental hint is in sight. We are left in the dark, knowing that the cone of light representing our knowledge is only illuminating a limited part of reality. Ignorance ...
USA; 4Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA The inclusion of sex as a biological variable in research is absolutely essential for improving our understanding of disease mechanisms contributing to risk and resilience...