Before writing any items, you need to define very specifically what will be on the test. If the test is in credentialing or pre-employment, psychometricians typically run ajob analysis studyto form a quantitative, scientific basis for the test blueprints. A job analysis is necessary for a ce...
With a desired statistical power level of 0.95, a confidence level of 0.99, an anticipated effect size of 0.15, and a predictor variable number of three, it was revealed that the minimum sample size needed to estimate the proposed model was 119 respondents, which is less than our final ...
USA; 4Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA The inclusion of sex as a biological variable in research is absolutely essential for improving our understanding of disease mechanisms contributing to risk and resilience...
1. Learning of words is a frequent experience in our lives. While the rate of words learned may be at its highest during the school years (e.g., Anglin, 2000), vocabulary development continues thro...
(2) Infection would affect intraspecific interactions among amphipods by weakening infected conspecifics (as being in a worse physical condition); (3) Non-infected individuals would avoid aggression towards and/or contacts with infected specimens to reduce the risk of infection, as the parasite is ...
The mechanism of memory remains one of the great unsolved problems of biology. Grappling with the question more than a hundred years ago, the German zoologist Richard Semon formulated the concept of the engram, lasting connections in the brain that resul
Growth is a widely used term in plant science and ecology, but it can have different meanings depending on the context and the spatiotemporal scale of analysis. At the meristem level, growth is associated with the production of cells and initiation of new organs. At the organ or plant scale...
Evolution leaves an imprint in species through genetic change. At the molecular level, evolutionary changes can be explored by studying ratios of nucleotide substitutions. The interplay among molecular evolution, derived phenotypes, and ecological ranges
The digital divide between rural and urban areas is becoming the key factors resulting educational imbalance, which might be exacerbated by differences in teachers’ digital teaching competence. Therefore, it was crucial to explore the divide and determi
However, in this case these intriguing results cannot be attributed, in principle, to pre-existing polymorphic sites because control and experimental samples are descendants of the same male. We have to take into account that detection of transposition in Drosophila is not an easy task and that ...