When stomata open, they let in CO2; however, while open, the stomata release oxygen and let water vapor escape. Stomata close to prevent water loss, but that means the plant can no longer gain CO2 for photosynthesis. This tradeoff between CO2 gain and water loss is a particular problem for...
The cell cycle is a process in which a cell grows and divides to create a copy of itself. Some organisms reproduce exclusively through this process, while in complex multicellular life, it allows an organism to grow, and to replace cells as they become worn out. In animals, the cycle take...
Cell theory is the most fundamental principle in biology, one stating that all living organisms are composed of similar primary units called cells. It is a universally accepted theory about the organization and structure of all organisms. Modern research and molecular biology, with their advanced too...
CHLOROPLASTSQuinones are found in the lipid membranes of prokaryotes like E. coli and cyanobacteria, and are also abundant in eukaryotic mitochondria and chloroplasts. They are intricately involved in the reaction mechanism of redox phosphorylations. In the Mitchellian chemiosmotic...
Quinones are found in the lipid membranes of prokaryotes like E. coli and cyanobacteria, and are also abundant in eukaryotic mitochondria and chloroplasts. They are intricately involved in the reaction mechanism of redox phosphorylations. In the Mitchellian chemiosmotic school of thought, membrane-...
Also present in the cytoplasm are several biomolecules like proteins, nucleic acids and lipids. Moreover, cellular structures called cell organelles are suspended in the cytoplasm. What is a Cell? A cell is the structural and fundamental unit of life. The study of cells from its basic structure...
Machinery is the backbone of production, directly involved in creating or modifying products, whereas plants encompass both the machinery and the support facilities like warehouses and offices. 12 Plants often require a significant investment in terms of capital, space, and maintenance to establish ...
chloroplasts for photosynthesis. Bacteria lack a nucleus and complex organelles within their cells. This is not to say that bacteria do not possess internal organization, as their DNA is often sequestered into a region of the bacterial cell known as the nucleoid. However, it is important to ...
Particularly,wefocusonwhathasbeenlearnedinrelationto thefollowingquestions:Howdoesthespecializedmor- phologyrequiredfortheoperationofSCC 4 developandis thereaC 3 intermediatetypeofphotosynthesisduring development?Whatisthedegreeofspecializationbetween thetwochloroplasttypesandhowdoesthiscomparetothe chloroplastsofKranz...
aWhere she put it is unknown to us all 那里她投入了它是未知的对我们全部[translate] a经典语录一:nobody likes u, but i love u. i know what the situation is , i know who u are. and i just can't help loving u. no matter what, i still believe what i am holding on and standing...