polar vortexcircular vortexThe importance of horizontal and vertical advection of temperature for the Antarctic major stratospheric warming in September 2002 has been investigated, by applying the thermodynamic energy equation to ECMWF temperature and wind data. The analysis, which is carried out for the...
A well-known example of the importance of polar vortices is the Antarctic ozone hole: the low temperatures and isolation of air within the Antarctic stratospheric polar vortex is critical for the depletion of polar ozone and formation of the ozone hole [Schoeberl and Hartmann, 1991]. Isolation,...
How is the subtropical jet stream formed? What causes Lambert Glacier to move? What makes the Antarctic polar desert hard to travel across? What causes the large-scale Rossby waves? What causes a glacier to grow or recede? What seismic wave causes perpendicular movement on the surface? Where ...
While a hole over the Arctic is a rare event,the much larger hole in the ozone layer over the Antarctic has been a major cause for concern for more than four decades.The production of ozone-depleting chemicals has been dramatically reduced,under the 1987 Montreal Protocol(蒙特利尔协议),but so...
Did you know that the coldest place in the world (on average) is the East Antarctic Plateau? This frozen ice ridge between the summits of Dome Fuji and Dome Argus has seen temperatures of -148 degrees Fahrenheit. Now that’s cold weather!
What is a polar front in meteorology? What is the standard air pressure at sea level? What is the altitude of Antarctica? What is adiabatic compression? In which layer of the atmosphere do air planes fly? How much of Antarctica has melted? What is the Antarctic Circle? What layer of the...
The smaller-sized Antarctic ozone hole of 2002 is approximately equal to that of 1988 when a strong sudden stratospheric warming occurred. If only the destruction of ozone by chlorofluorocarbons resulted in the delayed sudden stratospheric warmings in Antarctica, then the early sudden stratospheric ...
the austral summer3,8. Although the ozone depletion in the Arctic region has been less pronounced compared to the Antarctic region in the past 30 years, it is still associated with the strengthening of the polar vortex and a notable and persistent shift in the tropospheric circulation towards a...
Barely a week goes by these days in the Northern Hemisphere without the jet stream being mentioned in the news, but rarely do such news items explain in detail what it is and why it is important. As a severe weather photographer this past 10+ years, an a
How cold is a polar vortex? How cold is the Antarctic Ocean? What is the climate in the Arctic region? What is the average climate in Antarctica? What is the temperature of the Mediterranean Sea? What is the temperature at sea level?