aThe proper treatment of such seasonality, whether stochastic or deterministic, is the subject of a large literature, summarized rather selectively in Nerlove et al. (1979, ch. 1). More recent treatments can be found in Hylleberg (1992), Franses (1996) and Ghysels and Osborn (2001). 这样季...
aMany economic timeseries exhibit fluctuations which are periodic within a year or a fraction there of. The proper treatment of such seasonality, whether stochastic or deterministic, is the subject of a large literature, summarized rather selectively in Nerlove et al. (1979, ch. 1). More recent...
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Instead, these upward and downward movements may reflect a purely stochastic (i.e. random) process or, at least, a process that allows for both stochastic and deterministic elements. In either case, once we treat the notion of trend as problematic, we have to allow for the possibility of ...
I compare deterministic and stochastic hidden variable models of the Bell experiment, exphasising philosophical distinctions between the various ways of combining conditionals and probabilities. I make four main claims. (1) Under natural assumptions, locality as it occurs in these models is equivalent ...
where k is a dummy variable: where k = 1 indicates the world is stochastic and k = 0 that it is non-stochastic. The three equilibrium concepts called deterministic steady state, stochastic steady state and ergodic mean are defined as follows ...
linear programming uses mathematical models to determine the most efficient purchasing and stocking strategies, while stochastic modeling uses probability distributions to forecast various scenarios. Just-in-time (JIT) inventory management, a technique that involves maintaining minimal stock and receiving items...
In this section, we’ll try to better understand the idea of a variable or process being stochastic by comparing it to the related terms of “random,”“probabilistic,” and “non-deterministic.” Stochastic vs. Random In statistics and probability, a variable is called a “random variable”...
Singular systems of the form E = f(x, u, t) are considered tractability is defined, a sufficient condition for tractability is derived, the maximum princip... Neustadt,W Lucien - Interscience 被引量: 4617发表: 1962年 Deterministic and Stochastic Optimal Control Summary This chapter contains sec...
Conservation is assumed to be born in the phase, just as momentum is for instance. In other words, all known phenomena in physics are deterministic, classical and real, in the sense that information does propagate locally and experiments conducted statistically do hide latent variables....