To express all its genes, HIV produces a large number of differentially spliced transcripts collectively termed “cell-associated (CA) HIV RNA” [1,2]. In HIV-infected individuals, especially those on suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART), CA HIV RNA is an important surrogate marker of the v...
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In HIV-infected individuals, ART-treated or not, MS RNA is usually measured to be much less abundant than US RNA [4,5,68,69,70], although it is unclear to what extent this reflects underestimation of MS RNA copy numbers by qPCR due to primer/probe-template mismatches that could be more...
The concept of a digital twin is intriguing as it presents an innovative approach to solving numerous real-world challenges. Initially emerging from the domains of manufacturing and engineering, digital twin research has transcended its origins and now f
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and often fatal lung disease most commonly encountered in older individuals. Several decades of research have contributed to a better understanding of its pathogenesis, though only two drugs thus far have shown treatment efficacy, i.e., by slowing...
(4,117) Using oligonucleotide microarrays, Sato and colleagues (5) identified a total of 475 candidate genes that were induced by a DNMT inhibitor (5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine) in 4 pancreatic cancer cell lines, but not in HPDE (a nonneoplastic pancreatic ductal epithelial cell line). Molecular ...
Introduction "What is bred in the bone will not come out of the flesh" (based on the proverb, England (in Latin) circa 1290). Essentially this has been interpreted to mean that what is inherited, cannot be concealed. The normal developmental pathways contribute to both normal cell and ...
Delta-pressuring is a term used for the operation of a storage reservoir at a maximum working pressure in excess of its initial formation pressure. It is a common option to enhance the performance of UGS, especially in terms of working gas. There are dozens of UGS operated under delta-...
Keywords: symbiosis; microbiome; caste determination; polyphenism; molt; eusociality; interdependency; cyst; hormones 'One in general does not kill the goose that laid the golden egg' [1] 1. Introduction Overwhelming evidence is now available from morphological characters and genomic analyses of both...
In the case of study models of vestibular disorders, it will thus be a question of predicting, on the basis of experimental observations, the biological and functional consequences of the administration of a pharmacological compound of interest or of a rehabilitation approach [1]. This notion is ...