To be more specific, pro-retinol is a fat-soluble ingredient derived from retinol. Retinol, for those unfamiliar, is a potent form of vitamin A that reduces the look of wrinkles and hyperpigmentation while firming, brightening, and plumping skin, according to cosmetic chemist Ron Robinson of Bea...
Depending on who you ask, it may be cruelty-free, or paraben-free, or derived completely from plants. We know it gets confusing — and therein is the big problem with clean beauty: Clean beauty, like natural and green before it, has no set definition. That’s why it’s up to consume...
Oliveda also usespropylene glycol, which is derived from petroleum. While generally considered safe, it was deemed the “2018 Allergen of the Year” because of its tendency to induce irritation, redness, and allergic skin reactions. Lastly, Oliveda also usesretinol(or retinol palmitate, a derivativ...
Preferably in the evening, unless your serum doesn’t contain any hydroquinone, arbutin(which hydroquinone is derived from), or vitamin a derivatives, then you can use it during the day too. Contrary to what you might think, most brightening serums actually don’t brighten your skin by getting...
Alpha-arbutin and beta-arbutin- these molecules are derived from hydroquinone, which is available in prescription only pigmentation treatments in the UK. Hydroquinone, alpha, and beta-arbutin all work by inhibiting the enzyme tyrosinase. Hydroquinone- considered by many to be the Gold standard treatme...
Specifically, preformed VA can be obtained mostly from dietary animal sources as retinyl palmitate, whereas among carotenoids obtained only from plant sources [2], β-carotene is the most represented. Retinol is absorbed from the digestive tract while carotene is taken up by enterocytes by the ...
Meat is defined as the flesh derived from any species of slaughtered mammal and is made up of muscle tissue but may also include intramuscular fat, connective tissue of the muscle sheaths and tendons, as well as blood vessels [52,59]. Lean meats lacking fat tend to have similar proportions...