Semantics examines how meaning is encoded in a language. It is not only concerned with meanings of words as lexical items, but also with levels of language below the word and above it, e.g. meaning of morphemes and sentences. The following are what the key concepts look like: semantic ...
Entailment is a relationship between two sentences where the truth of one guarantees the truth of the other. Presupposition is an assumption or condition that must be accepted for a statement to be understood or evaluated.
50. How do you distinguish between entailment and presupposition in terms of truth values ) Entailment is a relation of inclusion. Suppose there are two sentences X and Y: X: He has been to France. Y: He has been to Europe. In terms of truth values, if X is true, Y is necessarily...
If x entails y, the meaning of x is included in y. A: He has been to France. B: He has been to Europe. A: John picked a tulip. B: John picked a flower. Presupposition (前提预设) It is what a speaker or writer assumes that the receiver of the message already knows. You are ...
“John killed Bill but Bill didn’t die” is a (n) (). A.entailment B.presupposition C.anomaly D.contradiction 单项选择题 The sentence “The baby smiled.” is a(). A.two-place predication B.three-place predication C.no-place predication ...
ChapterFive Meaning Meaning Themeaningofwords:–Desk,winter,college Themeaningofsentences:Meaning –Myloveislikeared,redrose.–Tobe,ornottobe,isaquestion.Themeaningofutterances:–Thechequeflutteredtothefloorlikeabirdwithabroken wing…Definition Semanticsisthestudyofmeaning.Morespecifically,...
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If Y is false, no truth value can be said about X, e.g. If John does not have a bike, nothing can be said about whether his bike needs repairing or not. Therefore, X presupposes Y, or Y is a presupposition of X. How are semantics and pragmatics different from each other?
Semantic memory includes all acquired knowledge about the world and is the basis for nearly all human activity, yet its neurobiological foundation is only ... JR Binder,RH Desai - 《Trends in Cognitive Sciences》 被引量: 1265发表: 2011年 Drawing inferences from the presuppositions and implication...
And a central goal of that task is to ... K Johnson - From the Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society 被引量: 74发表: 2004年 Philosophical Essays: Natural Language: What It Means and How We Use It The origins of these essays -- Introduction -- Presupposition -- A projection problem...