[8] Padgett, Claire L., et al. “Methamphetamine-Evoked Depression of GABAB Receptor Signaling in GABA Neurons of the VTA.” Neuron, vol. 73, no. 5, Mar. 2012, pp. 978–89. Accessed 19 May 2022. "There was a ~40% decrease in the GABABR-GIRK currents of DA neurons 24h following ...
It also works in the opposite direction. Study shows mice have healthier hearts after receiving stimulation to a brain area involved in positive emotion and motivation. Activation of the brain reward centre — called the ventral tegmental area (V...
I have seen videos on youtube about many patents receiving stem cells and their outcome they say is positive. One guy even said his Creatine kinase levels are back to average. what that means is before he went in for treatment his Creatine kinase levels were well over a couple of hundred...
Situational interest, which refers to the emerging state of interest development based on the four-phase model (Hidi & Renninger, 2006), is recognized to be important due to its positive influence on learning in different aspects (e.g., attention, performance) (e.g., McDaniel et al., 2000...
The concept of culture has been defined in different ways and terms. I here take a different approach and determine the concept of culture as one specific instance the more general feature of context-dependence. The concept of context is here understood in a wider way that includes differ...
mesolimbic pathway is necessary to obtain a reduction in motivated behavior (for review, see refs88,89). Thus, this striking dissociation between the behavioral effects of a partial dopaminergic lesion of the VTA or the SNc clearly strengthens the case for the involvement of the nigrostriatal ...
Erections are dependent upon activation of both dopaminergic neurons (in the ventral tegmental area, or “VTA”) and dopamine receptors (in the nucleus accumbens) [71]. Drugs that activate dopamine D1/D2 receptors (“dopamineagonists“), such asapomorphine, have been shown to induce erections...
we demonstrated that admin- istration of the mGlu5 receptor antagonist MPEP (6-methyl-2- [phenylethynyl]-pyridine), the competitive NMDA receptor antago- nist LY235959, or the AMPA/kainate receptor antagonist NBQX, either systemically or into the VTA, decreased intravenous nicotine self-administratio...
As is the case with the prelimbic cortex, inhibition of the VTA via baclofen/muscimol administration prevents stressor-induced reinstatement (McFarland et al., 2004). The VTA is a very heterogenous region, and there is a demonstrated role for glutamatergic (Wang et al., 2005, 2012) and GABA...
The reward pathway begins in the midbrain’s ventral tegmental area (VTA) where neurotransmitter (NT) dopamine is released in volumes relative to the intensity of stimuli. (The more intense the stimulus, the more NT-filled vesicles released) Released NT dopamine bind with appropriate receptors and...