Plasma is a gas with a lot of energy and is the fourth state of matter. This lesson will teach you some cool facts about plasma, what it is and...
Plasma is a state of matter in nuclear physics. Plasmas are comprised of ionized gases which are at very high temperatures. Nuclear fusion requires... Learn more about this topic: States of Matter | Characteristics, Comparison & Examples
Atokamakis a machine that confines aplasmausing magnetic fields in a donut shape that scientists call a torus. Fusion energy scientists believe that tokamaks are the leading plasma confinement concept for future fusion power plants. In a tokamak, magnetic field coils confine plasma particles to allo...
Science What is plasma cosmology?Question:What is plasma cosmology?How the Universe Works:Humans have developed a good understanding of many of the principles of the universe. That said, while some of our models are known to work, even the fundamental force of gravity is not fully understood...
Supercomputer simulation of plasma turbulence in a spherical tokamak. Credit: Image courtesy of Walter Guttenfelder of Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory What Is Fusion Energy Science? Fusion energy science is a multi-disciplinary field focused on the science needed to develop an energy source based on...
Yet there is no standardized framework to evaluate the performance of these processes. Instead, current evaluation methods are ambiguous, inconsistent between sources, and often flawed. In this work, we develop a framework to evaluate the performance of plasma chemical processes ...
stage antibody-secreting B cells undergo isotype switching and transition into a plasma cell. Antibody production by B cells can quickly neutralize a potential infection. Once the infection is neutralized, B cells can become memory B cells, which exist in small numbers in the case of re-...
Voyager 1 is the spacecraft that just keeps going. Image: NASA/JPL-Caltech Get the Popular Science daily newsletter💡 Email addressSign up Terms of ServiceandPrivacy Policy. During the decades that humanity has collectively been exploring space we’ve sent up a lot of stuff. Much of it ha...
Figure 1: Transport proteins in the cell membrane A plasma membrane is permeable to specific molecules that a cell needs. Transport proteins in the cell membrane allow for selective passage of specific molecules from the external environment. Each transport protein is specific to a certian molecule...
As we continue to advance oncology patient care in this golden era of targeted therapy, integrating plasma genotyping into optimal treatment and trial design is the missing “holy grail.” Initially, plasma genotyping was primarily used as an alternative for tumor rebiopsy to identify resistance mech...