In networking, a packet is a small segment of a larger message. Data sent over computer networks*, such as the Internet, is divided into packets. These packets are then recombined by the computer or device that receives them. Suppose Alice is writing a letter to Bob, but Bob's mail slot...
A good example of how this works in practice is when an email is sent using SMTP from an email server. To start the process, the TCP layer in the server divides the message into packets, numbers them, and forwards them to the IP layer, which then transports each packet to the destinati...
Tunneling is often used invirtual private networks (VPNs). It can also set up efficient and secure connections between networks, enable the usage of unsupported network protocols, and in some cases allow users to bypassfirewalls. How does packet encapsulation work?
and the transmission distance greatly extends. Therefore, 10 Gigabit Ethernet is free from the limitation that Ethernetcanbe applied only to LANs. In addition, Ethernet is extended to metropolitan area networks (MANs) because of its advantages such as simple configuration, flexible networking, and lo...
In computer networking, promiscuous mode is a mode of operation in which a network device, such as a network interface card (NIC) or an adapter on a host system, can intercept and read in its entirety each networkpacketthat arrives instead of just the packets addressed to the host. Usually...
Packet sniffing is a technique whereby packet data flowing across the network is detected and observed. Network administrators use packet sniffing tools to monitor and validate network traffic, while hackers my use similar tools for nefarious purposes.
An ACL is stateless, which means it only looks at the values in each packet, without regard to any previous packets. A firewall is stateful, which means it tracks and remembers the state of each flow, and can enforce protocol and application-level semantics based on data that was in previ...
networking (computer) What is networking (computer)? Networking, also known ascomputer networking, is the practice of transporting and exchanging data betweennodesover a shared medium in an information system. Networking comprises not only the design, construction and use of a network, but also the...
Time to live (TTL) refers to the amount of time or “hops” that a packet is set to live inside a network before it is removed by a router. It is an 8-bit field
In the current digital environment, networks play a vital role in connecting us to the world. One of the key building blocks ofnetworkingis Internet Protocol (IP) packets, which allow us to share information and resources seamlessly. This tutorial will dive into the basics of IP packets, inclu...