and the heart is not fully formed until 12 weeks. The composition of the heart is determined by genes. Gene mutations can lead to abnormal heart development. At present, studies have shown that only a few genes can cause congenital heart disease, but most of the causes are unknown, and on...
All patients with isolated ASD (ostium secundum, ostium primum and sinus venosus with or without PAPVD) were included. Clinical outcomes of surgically corrected atrial septal defects Partially anomalous pulmonary venous return (PAPVD) is in contrast usually a minor congenital abnormality, often first ...