Encryption is a process of converting data into a code to prevent unauthorized access. Here's a simplified representation of how it works: def encrypt(message, key): encrypted_message = "" for char in messag
A namespace is basically a system to make sure that all the names in a program are unique and can be used without any conflict. You might already know that everything in Python—like strings, lists, functions, etc.—is an object. Another interesting fact is that Python implements namespaces...
di = ds["dev"][0] prompt = di["question"] + "\n" for i in range(4): if di[f"option{i}"] != "N/A": prompt += chr(ord("A")+i) + ". " + di[f"option{i}"] + "\n" prompt = prompt + "Answer with the option's letter from the given choices directly." print(...
Computers use binary code which is made up of all “ones and zeroes”. But why? Why don’t PCs and smartphones work in the decimal system that we are all used to? The answer can be found in the technology as well as in the sheer elegance of the binary system. It is a lot simple...
The nonce for AES CTR is prepared as pictured: first byte, and last two bytes are set to 0, and we copy the 13 bytes of the nonce (starting from offset 0) to offset 1 in the nonce. To increment the nonce, we increment the last byte (offset 15), and when it becomes 0, we ...
= q % 10 q /= 10 if q == 9: nines += 1 elif q == 10: pi += chr(predigit + 1 + ord("0")) pi += "0" * nines predigit = 0 nines = 0 else: pi += chr(predigit + ord("0")) predigit = q; pi += "9" * nines nines = 0 pi += chr(predigit + ord('0'...