OSI is a communications reference model to help conceptualize how data can be transmitted and received on a network. The model consists of seven distinct layers forming astack. Each layer in the stack is performed in a step-by-step manner: first, moving up the stack during data transmissions ...
In the 7-layerOSI model(see below), the network layer is layer 3. TheInternet Protocol (IP)is one of the main protocols used at this layer, along with several other protocols forrouting, testing, andencryption. Suppose Bob and Alice are connected to the same local area network (LAN), ...
The OSI model has seven layers, with the lower numbers getting closer to the bare metal cables that transmit data. The network layer is layer three. In addition, the network layer is responsible for packet forwarding. This includes routing traffic through a local network and routing traffic acro...
The application layer is the seventh layer in the OSI model. Though the name might be deceiving, it’s not an actual application; rather, it’s a component within an application that manipulates information. It’s essentially designed to provide network services to the end user. Users can tra...
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The transport layer is the fourth layer in the OSI model, which is responsible for point-to-point communication on the network. Put simply, the transport layer provides logical communication between the application processes running on different hosts. The transport layer contains a set of documents...
In the following section, we will delve into each layer of the OSI Model, providing detailed insights into their functions, protocols, and contributions to the seamless operation of network communication. Layer 1: Physical Layer The Physical Layer serves as the foundation of the OSI Model, ...
Intradomain Routing Protocol Discriminator: network layer protocol identifier. In IS-IS, the value of this field is always 0x83. Length Indicator: length of the fixed header. ID Length: length of a system ID. PDU Type: PDU type. Maximum Area Address: maximum number of area addresses supporte...
In this article, we will talk about the much-asked query of what is layer 2 network is and how its works in a typical network. We will also briefly touch on the basic concepts regarding this topic. The data link layer of the OSI model is sometimes called the MAC layer. It's responsi...
OSI layers and their functions in a communications network The seven OSI layers are the following: Physical layer.In thephysical layer, devices such as a local area network or router physically link to a network. Data link layer.Thedata link layerdefines how data is transferred over a connectin...