that are like the texts that one cell sends to the other and are read in order to elicit a response. They come from both healthy cells and diseased cells. What is interesting is that we are at a point where this field is still emerging, and we are still learni...
The gold standard for measuring glucose is a large chemistry analyzer in a lab, which measures values in plasma obtained from a vein with a needle. The glucose level in capillary whole blood, obtained via fingerprick and analyzed on a portable/home glucose monitor, is a different value, often...
Once spermatids bud from the residual body, the FB-MO complex is reorganized and FBs disappear. Sperm mitochondria and MOs are degraded by autophagy after fertilization. Residual bodies are engulfed and degraded by the gonadal sheath cells. autophagosomes (Figure 2) [41, 42]. Unlike mitochon- ...
It has been known for some time that Lp(a) is a decisive risk factor for developing coronary heart disease and calcific narrowing of the aortic valve (aortic valve stenosis). However, the lack of clinical trial data has caused it to be largely ignored by the medical community. This is mai...
The ASO (Anti-Streptolysin O) titre test is a blood test used to detect the presence of antibodies against the streptococcus bacteria in the body. Know more about its procedure, prepration & result.
Neutrophils may also malfunction, causing more harm to the body than they prevent. In alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency, for example,inflammation, part of a normal immune response, leads to tissue damage. In Familial Mediterranean fever, the immune response is also so acute and prolonged that it ca...
This study aimed to evaluate the ability of photodynamic therapy, based on the use of a gel containing 5% delta aminolaevulinic acid (ALAD) for 45′ followed by irradiation with 630 nm LED (PDT) for 7′, to eradicate Candida albicans strains without dama
Dysregulated glucose metabolism or insulin resistance—designated by an increased level of either fasting blood sugar (FBS), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), or resting insulin—is also a critical factor involved in metabolic dysregulation [53,54]. Of note, impaired FBS (prediabetes) and homeostasis model...
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