The pre-Smithian meaning referred to money or other saleable assets that could be used as collateral. This article questions the change in meaning by economists and sociologists and highlights the importance of collateralisable property for capitalism. €Human capital€ can only be collateral if ...
Originally applied in the area of education, the concept was later on theoretically defined by sociologists, to finally become a useful instrument in several disciplines. Social capital has been driven through sociology and traveled from sociology through economics to health sciences, and is now ...
Sociologists and other social scientists have documented the positives that social capital can bring. For example, it has been found that many people have found their jobs through word of mouth as opposed to more formal avenues.2Individuals with access to higher levels of social capital also repor...
Originally applied in the area of education, the concept was later on theoretically defined by sociologists, to finally become a useful instrument in several disciplines. Social capital has been driven through sociology and traveled from sociology through economics to health sciences, and is now ...
We thought of culture as a disinterested activity but sociologists showed long ago that it is a form of capital, used to gain power, status or money. This book does to sex what other sociologists did to culture: it shows that sex, no longer defined by religion, now plays a role in the...
by replacing private ownership with cooperative ownership, promotes a more equitable distribution of resources and wealth. One way such distribution is accomplished is through mechanisms such as a social dividend, a return on capital investment that is paid out to all members of society rather than ...
Virtual reality is defined as that which is not real but which may display qualities of the real. ( Milgram and Kishino, 1994 ; Sherman and Craig, 2003 ) By definition then, reality is a floating term inside virtual environments. As Margaret Wertheim points out, virtual cyberspace may feel ...
Reciprocity is defined as an exchange between individuals for mutual benefit or for the benefit of a community, and it is considered by sociologists, social psychologists, and network researchers to be foundational to trust, social capital, and connectedness (Molm, 2010; Molm, Schaefer, & Collett...
The reason the CCP can even attempt such a feat is due to its international enablers, mostly those in the free and open societies it seeks to undermine. Chinese companies are fueled by enormous amounts of capital given freely by Wall Street, taken from U.S. investors. The Chinese military...
African culture is incredibly diverse, encompassing a rich tapestry of traditions, languages, music, art, and values across the continent. It is characterized by a strong sense of community, respect for elders, vibrant oral traditions, ...