B12 is the only vitamin that contains a trace element (cobalt), which is why it’s called cobalamin. Cobalamin is produced in the gut of animals. It’s the only vitamin we can’t obtain from plants or sunlight. Plants don’t need B12, so they don’t store it. A common myth among ...
This is a group of several inherited disorders that affect the shape and function of RBCs. People with it have abnormal hemoglobin protein, called hemoglobin S, in their RBCs. This can decrease oxygen levels. The RBCs of someone who has it take on a characteristic sickle shape. They burst e...
First, there’s wobble—normal lab error. Surveys show that there can be as much as a 0.5% variation from lab to lab. Which might mean the difference between optimal control and borderline diabetes. But even if the tests are accurate, a salient fact is that HbA1c is predicated on a ...
They're chemicals that fight a process in your cells called oxidation. The main source is plant-based foods, but your body makes some, too. You're probably familiar with vitamins C and E, beta-carotene, and the minerals selenium and manganese. Plant nutrients and chemicals like flavonoids, ...
When the MCV blood test has a HIGH number- even slightly- this means that the blood cells are too large and is called macrocytosis orMacrocytic Anemia. ThisSHOULDtrigger a further workup from your doctor to find out why they are too large, but mild macrocytosis is very often overlooked as...
(maintaining an acidic environment), waves of bowel wall muscular activity, immunoglobulins in the intestinal fluid, and a valve that normally allows the flow of contents into the large bowel but prevents them from refluxing back into the small bowel. (This is called the ileocecal valve ...
2.1. Influence of the skin properties on drug delivery Among the several factors that can affect drug delivery across the skin, the health condition in paramount (De Oliveira et al., 2021). Cutaneous drug absorption is normally mediated by the so-called “external therapeutic membrane” (ETM),...
procedure your doctor's office follows, you may get a letter with your results, or it may come to you through an online patient portal. On your lab report, you will see the number of platelets (PLT) in your blood, and you may also see the average size (called mean platelet volume ...
is rich in a probiotic microorganism called Bifidobacterium bifidum. B. bifidum is a bacterium that may be particularly beneficial for those suffering from diarrhea, abdominal pain, and constipation. B. Bifidum helps boost immunity in the gastrointestinal tract. Bifidobacterium bifidum is also normally ...
This is a group of several inherited disorders that affect the shape and function of RBCs. People with it have abnormal hemoglobin protein, called hemoglobin S, in their RBCs. This can decrease oxygen levels. The RBCs of someone who has it take on a characteristic sickle shape. They burst ...