This is a modal window. No compatible source was found for this media.Elements of a Computer NetworkThe computer network involves the following networking elements 1. SenderThe computer wants to give a message to some mainframe or computers.2. ReceiverThe...
Identifying irregularities in data flow can reveal potential error sources, such as bottlenecks or congestion points, assisting administrators in optimizing network performance. 6. Error-Correction Protocols: Some networks employ error-correction protocols, such as Automatic Repeat reQuest (ARQ), to ...
NACK is sometimes conflated with automatic repeat request (ARQ) or with the rejected (REJ) message, though the terms differ. An ARQ is usually implemented in a protocol as a way to automatically trigger a retransmission of data that was not received in the time expected. For example, in Tra...
Retransmission, essentially identical withAutomatic repeat request(ARQ), is the resending of packets which have been either damaged or lost. ... Such networks are usually "unreliable", meaning they offer no guarantees that they will not delay, damage, or lose packets, or deliver them out of or...
Stop and wait belongs to a category of error control mechanisms calledautomatic repeat requests(ARQs), which rely on the use of ACKs to determine if adata transmissionwas successful or if retransmission is needed. Other ARQs include Go-Back-N ARQ and Selective Repeat ARQ, both of which use th...
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Being such a common problem in communications, numerous theories for how to deal with it have developed under branches of applied mathematics such as information theory and coding theory. One commonly used method is called automatic repeat request (ARQ), which simply involves the recipient checking...
Packet loss concealment (PLC) methods are essential because traditional error-control methods, such as automatic repeat requests (ARQ), are ineffective. PLC uses different techniques to mask lost packets, including zero insertion (replacing lost data with zeros) and waveform substitution (replacing lost...
•Automatic Repeat-Request (ARQ) :The transmitter sends the data and also an error detection code, which the receiver uses to check for errors, and request re-transmission of erroneous data. In many cases, the request is implicit; the receiver sends an acknowledgement (ACK) of correctly ...
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