HIV is very effectively transmitted during anal intercourse unprotected by condoms (UAI), with a meta-analysis finding that women may have an 18-fold greater HIV acquisition risk during UAI compared to vaginal intercourse unprotected by condoms (UVI) [1]. Thus, even a small proportion of interco...
This article addresses issues related to whether null randomised control trial (RCT) findings can by themselves be a secure indicator of programme failure. This is done by drawing on the findings of the evaluation of the Integrated Group Reading (IGR) programme using a number of teacher case ...
What is the research question? A case study in the early stages of design of a randomised controlled trial for a complementary therapy. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) can be used to evaluate aspects of the effectiveness of complementary therapies. Given the individualised and non-blind... ...
An analysis of citations appearing between 1994 and August 1997 updated earlier work and indicated that a minority (24%) of the studies on the subject were designed to collect original data. Ten randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating communication strategies with cancer patients in the ...
One example of an interventional study is a randomized control trial (RCT). During a randomized control trial, human subjects are chosen at random to receive an intervention. Generally, participants are arbitrarily placed into one of two groups: the experimental group receiving the intervention that...
After the year 2000, over 50% of the published articles were clinical trials, RCTs or systematic reviews. This review revealed an increase in the quantity and quality of published manipulative and body-based therapy articles in SEM over the last 60 years with the evidence level varying ...
Context. The handheld fan is an inexpensive and safe way to provide facial airflow, which may reduce the sensation of chronic refractory breathlessness, a ... Johnson,Miriam J.,Booth,... 被引量: 8发表: 0年 Increasing the value of research in palliative care. The authors reflect on the ...
5 Expert opinion without explicit critical appraisal or based on physiology bench research or “first principles” RCT = Randomized clinical trial. From [4]. Levels of evidence is closely related to our current concepts on “Evidence Based Medicine (EBM)”. Sackett in 1997 wrote EMB “…whose ...
Reading the research literature. Putting randomized clinical trials into practice. 2. Randomized clinical trials (RCT) are our best available method for determining whether a treatment works or has what we technically call efficacy. RCTs set out to demonstrate that a particular treatment regimen works...
The evidence can range from randomized controlled trial (RCT) or systematic review, to case-control study, case series, a consensus of old professors, individual cases (anecdotes), or something “a friend (or grandma) once told me.” Obviously, not all evidence is created equal. In assessing...