What is a degenerative disease of the brain? What brain diseases are undiagnosable until after death? What are the symptoms of brain disease? What is shrinking brain disease? What are some rare brain diseases? What is microvascular ischemic brain disease?
In acute ischemic heart injury, up-regulated Wnt is first expressed in the epicardium and subsequently in cardiac fibroblasts in the injured area. Wnt induces cardiac fibroblasts to proliferate and express pro-fibrotic genes. In addition to the role of Wnt, deletion of β-catenin in cardiac ...
What is the most serious consequence of an acute full-thickness (transmural) myocardial infarction? What is the cause of most aneurysms of the abdominal aorta? What causes the heart to contract? What is the etiology (cause) of the pulmonary embolism for a patient...
An acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is an event in which transmural myocardial ischemia results in myocardial injury or necrosis. [1] The current 2018 clinical definition of myocardial infarction (MI) requires the confirmation of the myocardial ischemic injury with abnormal cardiac bioma...
Ischemic stroke lesion volume at follow-up is an important surrogate outcome for acute stroke trials. We aimed to assess which differences in 48-hour lesion volume translate into meaningful clinical differences. We used pooled data from 7 trials investigating the efficacy of endovascular treatment ...
In stroke therapy trials, neuroimaging biomarkers such as the visualization of the ischemic penumbra, or tissue at risk of imminent cell death, can be used to select patients for stroke therapies and randomize them to treatment versus placebo groups for clinical trials. 2 The final infarct ...
Symptoms of a lacunar stroke differ slightly from those of an ischemic stroke (one that occurs closer to the surface of the brain). The symptoms of a lacunar stroke depend on which brain structure is affected. They may include: Weakness on one side of the body ...
The planning of a clinical trial depends on the question that the investigator is addressing. The general objective is usually obvious, but the specific question to be answered by the trial is often not stated well. Stating the question clearly and in ad
The risk of a recurrent stroke after transient ischemic attack (TIA) or minor stroke is high. Clinical trials are needed to assess acute treatment options in these patients. We sought to evaluate the type of recurrent events and to identify which subsets of patients are at risk for recurrent ...
What is the difference between a pulmonary embolus and a pulmonary infarct? What is the difference between an arteriosclerotic aneurysm of the aorta and a dissecting aneurysm of the aorta? Describe the differences between an ischemic stroke and a hemorrhagic stroke. What is the di...