Header length Packet length Time to live (TTL), or the number of network hops a packet can make before it is discarded Which transport protocol is being used (TCP, UDP, etc.) In total there are 14 fields for information in IPv4 headers, although one of them is optional. ...
Window size TCP checksum– The sender generates a checksum and transmits it in every packet header. The receiving device can use the checksum to check for errors in the received header and payload. Urgent pointer– If URG control flag is set, this value indicates an offset from the sequence...
UDP:TheUser Datagram Protocol (UDP)is a faster but less reliable alternative to TCP at the transport layer. It is often used in services likevideo streamingand gaming, where fast data delivery is paramount. What protocols do routers use?
Specificity.The maindifference between the TCP/IP model and the OSI modelis the level of specificity. The OSI model is a more abstract representation of the way data is exchanged and is not specific to any protocol. It is a framework for general networking systems. The TCP/IP stack is more...
User Datagram Protocol, orUDP, acts as an alternative communication protocol to TCP and is used to establish low-latency and loss-tolerating connections between applications and the internet. IPuses a set of rules to send and receive messages at the level of IP addresses. ...
Defines rules based onsource IPv6 addresses,destination IPv6 addresses, IPv6 protocol types, ICMPv6 types, TCP source/destination port numbers, UDP source/destination ports, and time ranges. 3000-3999 Step What Is a Step A step is an increment between neighboring rule IDs automatically allocated ...
All ICMP messages are forwarded as datagrams with an IP header containing the ICMP data. Each datagram is a self-contained, data-independent entity. Consider it a packet that transports a fraction of a larger message all over the network. IP packets with ICMP in the IP data part are referr...
In its simplest form, a wide-area network (WAN) is a collection of local-area networks (LANs) or other networks that communicate with one another.
IP Address (Internet Protocol Address) Internet Protocol Version 4 Internet Protocol Version 6 Voice Over Internet Protocol Related Reading 5G vs. 4G: What is the Difference? When AI Meets 6G: How Next Gen Mobile Networks Will Change the World ...
It is a binary protocol that allows the multiplexing of multiple parallel requests over a single TCP connection, resulting in fewer TCP connections overall. HTTP/2 also introduces a header field compression mechanism, push technology, and other optimizations to enhance the performance, security, and ...