If a gene involved in cooperation is carried on either in a positive way, by producing proteins that can have a beneficial effect on the degrading enzymes of the host's neighbours (Livermore, 1995), or in a negative way, by producing substances that harm the host's neighbours, such as ...
While viruses are implicated in cellular genesis and/or evolution, some of them have been suspected of drifting into gene transfer agents (GTAs), in a process that has been conceptualized as “prophage domestication” [137,138,139]. Briefly, GTAs arise though deletion and recombination processes ...