An average eGFR varies by age, but in younger adults who are considered healthy, a range of 80-120mL/min/1.73 m2is generally normal. GFR decreases as you get older, but a reduced GFR can cause similar issues in older adults as in those who are younger. Adecrease in GFR could also b...
The most notable adverse complication is cholestatic and mixed hepatotoxicity, identified in roughly 10% of patients with transaminases (AST, ALT) potentially greater than three times the upper limit of normal and alkaline phosphatase twice the upper limit [33]. A boxed warning of hepatotoxicity was...
The World Health Organization defines obesity as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that portends increased risk to health status [1]. Despite this relatively simplistic definition, it is a chronic disease, a major public health problem that adversely effects all aspects of mental and physical he...
Cancer is defined by the WHO (World Health Organization) as a group of diseases caused by abnormal, uncontrolled cell growth, which can be located in almost any organ or tissue of the body.1 The pr...
In contrast, the second mechanism by which AVP may exert a detrimental influence on kidney function and thus GFR (or eGFR) is much more indirect. It is common to all forms of chronic kidney disease whatever the initial cause of the disease, and therefore it should also occur in ADPKD, alt...
Stage 3a & 3b CKD: Mild to severe loss of kidney function, eGFR 30-59. Stage 4 CKD: Severe loss of kidney function, eG FR 15-29. Is GFR 94 normal? Results. A GFR of60 or higher is in the normal range. A GFR below 60 may mean kidney disease. A GFR of 15 or lower may mean...
Most commonly, a 3-min acquisition is performed through a limited area within the tumour. The time-intensity curve in the region of interest depends on perfusion and is fitted to a kinetic model to determine volume and flow rate and semi-quantitative parameters such as peak intensity, time to...
Its serum concentration is highly correlated with that of cystatin C eGFR [85]. Klotho, originally identified as an anti-aging factor, is a transmembrane protein predominantly expressed in the kidney, parathyroid gland, and choroid plexus, that binds to several FGFRs, acting as an obligatory co...
In the 40–49 age range, the probability of having an estrogen receptor positive (ER+) BC is significantly higher (OR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.36–1.67, p < 0.001) although the probability of having a triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is lower compared to Americans (OR = 0.79, 95% CI...
Breast cancer (BC), the most prevalent cancer in women, is a heterogenous disease. Despite advancements in BC diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutics, survival rates have drastically decreased in the metastatic setting. Therefore, BC still remains a medical challenge. The evolution of high-throughput...