single organism's genome. Xenolgy is the existence of homology resulting from lateral gene transfer: genetic material transmitted through a virus or by scientists, for example. The existence of xenologous homologies complicates the idea of a perfectly unidirectional branching of the evolutionary tree...
SNPs (often pronounced “snips”) are single base-pair changes in DNA that occur at specific places in the genome. For example, most individuals carry the C nucleotide at a specific base position in the genome, but in a minority of individuals this...
细胞里的mRNA越多,蛋白质就越多。But our discovery is a little bit different. We have found a new class of RNAs that have changed how we think about cancer detection. These are relatively small RNAs, and they don't actually...
Of course, nucleic acids alone aren't responsible for the preservation and expression of genetic material: Cells also use proteins to help replicate the genome and accomplish the profound structural changes that underlie cell division. Proteins are a second type of intracellular organic molecule. ...
Blute, M. If the Genome isn’t a God-like Ghost in the Machine, Then What is it?. Biol Philos 20, 401–407 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10539-004-0191-5 Download citation Received20 August 2003 Accepted22 April 2004 Issue DateMarch 2005 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1007/s10539-004...
a little, but not much. The proteins they produce still have a similar structure, which allows them to do the same thing: ferry oxygen through the bloodstream. So if you happen to be trolling through the genome of a gorilla–another close ape relative–and discover a gene that’s very ...
researchers found that as much as 63% of the genome is transcribed but only about 1% to 2% is translated into a functional protein product (FANTOM Consortiumet al., 2005). So not only is the notion of colinearity overly simplistic, but so too is the notion that all genes encode proteins...
The Human Genome Project In the field of biology, the term “sequencing” refers to the determination of the sequence of units of a linear polymer. DNA sequencing, therefore, is the use of methods and technologies to determine the identity and order of the four nucleotide bases (adenine, guan...
A genome is an organism’s full set of DNA, comprising all of its genes as well as its hierarchical, three-dimensional structure. Genomics is an interdisciplinary field of biology that focuses on the structure, function, evolution, mapping, and editing of genomes. ...
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