Helton, Arthur C. and Eliana Jacobs. 1998. "What is Forced Migration." Geo.Immigr.LJ 13: 521.Helton, Arthur and Eliana Jacobs (2006) `What is Forced Migration?' in Anne F. Bayefsky (ed) Human Rights and Refugees, Internally Displaced Persons and Migrant Workers, Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff...
The central conclusion is that low-skilled Pakistani migrant workers experience an alarmingly high cost of migration: Survey respondents spent on average nearly $3,500 to secure a job in Saudi Arabia or the United Arab Emirates. More than 80 per cent of that total amount covered assistance in ...
Forced migration, as its name suggests, is not undertaken of one’s free will. There are always some dangerous circumstances for a migrant or for their family that induce migration: war, civil unrest, economic collapse, political repressions, epidemic or natural disasters. Permanent and temporary ...
Emigration is generally considered to be a long-term or permanent move, though individuals may return to their home country eventually. 6 Can a migrant be considered an emigrant? Yes, a migrant becomes an emigrant from the perspective of their home country once they move abroad with the intenti...
Migrant: A broad term referring to any person moving from one place to another, either within their country (internal migration) or across international borders. It can be temporary or permanent, voluntary or forced. Reasons for migration include seeking employment, escaping conflict or natural disas...
Do Indonesian nationals lose their citizenship if they live outside Indonesia for a long period of time? 2. Is it possible for Indonesian nationals who live outside Indonesia for long periods to regain their citizenship? 3. What steps are involved in regaining citizenship? 4. Are there "...
But the most socially conservative part of their base has serious religious and ethical concerns with IVF as it is currently practiced in the U.S., raising questions about the direction the Republican Party is headed in on the issue. In June, Senate Democrats forced a vote on a b...
My father was the head of the household, overseeing the welfare of his mother, four sisters, and younger brother—his own father had abandoned the family and taken a new wife across the state line into Arkansas. A child himself when he was forced to go to work at the local sawmill, my...
Even when a migrant is not in "immediate danger," they may feel unsafe returning home, such as in cases of agricultural collapse, say experts. This has led many to argue for a category of “climate refugees,” although no legal status of the kind exists, said Mariam Traore Chazalnoël,...
Like a good migrant child, I dutifully learned to play the piano when I was young. My weekends were filled with endlessly repeating scales and memorizing every note in the piece, spring and winter. 像每个听话的移民小孩一样,我从小就乖乖地学钢琴。我的周末充满了无止境的重复音阶练习,强记春季和...