(5), a formulation applied to the skin’s surface that generates a constant drug flux toward the bloodstream has a plasma concentration under steady-state conditions Cpss equal to the ratio of drug flux across the skin and the clearance of the drug. Eq. (5) can be used to predict the ...
Diseases caused by trypanosomatids include leishmaniasis (Leishmania spp.), Chagas disease (Trypanosoma cruzi), and sleeping sickness (Trypanosoma brucei) that affect millions of people, especially low-income populations, being classified as neglected tr
The oxidation of unsaturated fats in industrial vegetable oils produces advanced lipid oxidation end products (ALEs), which pose a significant risk to human health.ALEs are absorbed from the gut into the circulatory system, where they activate an inflammatory response that generates cytotoxic and genot...
Not only is the human visible spectrum correlated with the strongest wavelengths the sun generates, Earth’s atmosphere also filters out electromagnetic radiation from the sun and space outside of the visible spectrum. The atmosphere absorbs high energy gamma and X-rays protecting life form the harm...
The SCN, or biological clock, generates and regulates a set of endogenous rhythms of the human body through its connection to the central nervous system. Endogenous biological rhythms can be grouped according to their duration in: Rather, in literature the term circadian is used either as a ...
6.5.2. Melatonin Melatonin has been well studied in the field of circadian rhythms and sleep; its functions in the brain also give it neuroprotectant qualities. It acts as both a direct scavenger of free radicals and an indirect regulator of endogenous enzyme expression [308]. Advantages of ...